Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for ensuring quality, comfort, and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary pad, responsible for retaining menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a combination of:

– Fluff Pulp: A highly absorbent material derived from wood pulp. It is soft, biodegradable, and capable of holding a significant amount of liquid.
– Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP): These are synthetic materials that can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to their own mass. SAPs enhance the absorbency of the pad, preventing leakage.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, non-irritating, and quick-drying. Common materials include:

– Nonwoven Fabrics: Made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene or polyethylene, nonwoven fabrics are lightweight, breathable, and provide a smooth surface.
– Perforated Films: These are thin plastic films with tiny holes that allow liquid to pass through while keeping the surface dry.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, designed to prevent leakage and provide a barrier against moisture. It is usually made from:

– Polyethylene Film: A waterproof material that is flexible and durable. It ensures that the pad remains leak-proof.
– Breathable Films: Some modern pads use breathable back sheets that allow air to circulate, reducing the risk of irritation and discomfort.

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to secure the pad in place within the underwear. They must be strong enough to hold the pad securely but gentle enough to avoid skin irritation. Common types include:

– Hot Melt Adhesives: These are applied in a molten state and solidify upon cooling, providing a strong bond.
– Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives: These adhesives stick to surfaces upon application of light pressure and are easy to remove without leaving residue.

## 5. Release Paper

Release paper is a protective layer that covers the adhesive before use. It is typically made from:

– Silicone-Coated Paper: This type of paper is easy to peel off and ensures that the adhesive remains intact until the pad is ready to be used.

## Properties of Sanitary Pad Raw Materials

The raw materials used in sanitary pads must possess specific properties to ensure optimal performance:

– Absorbency: High absorbency is crucial for preventing leaks and maintaining dryness.
– Softness: Materials should be gentle on the skin to prevent irritation and discomfort.
– Breathability: Good air circulation helps reduce the risk of skin irritation and keeps the user comfortable.
– Durability: The materials must be strong enough to withstand the stresses of daily use without tearing or breaking.
– Biodegradability: With increasing environmental concerns, biodegradable materials are becoming more popular in sanitary pad production.

Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials is essential for manufacturers aiming to produce high-quality, comfortable, and safe products. By selecting the right materials, manufacturers can ensure that their sanitary pads meet the needs of consumers while also addressing environmental concerns.